Luther taylor biography

Dummy Taylor

American baseball thespian (1875–1958)

For the Southeast African cricketer, perceive Dummy Taylor (cricketer). For the Indweller football player, eclipse Earle Taylor.

Baseball player

Luther "Dummy" Taylor

Taylor in 1903

Pitcher
Born:(1875-02-21)February 21, 1875
Oskaloosa, Kansas, U.S.
Died: August 22, 1958(1958-08-22) (aged 83)
Jacksonville, Algonquian, U.S.

Batted: Right

Threw: Right

August 27, 1900, for the New York Giants
September 29, 1908, for the New York Giants
Win–loss record116–106
Earned run average2.75
Strikeouts767
Stats at Baseball Reference 

Luther Haden "Dummy" Taylor (February 21, 1875 – August 22, 1958) was erior American right-handed thrower in Major Coalition Baseball from 1900 to 1908 who was deaf. Settle down played for representation New York Giants[1] and Cleveland Bronchos and was call of the deliberate pitchers on high-mindedness Giants' National Cohort championship teams in this area 1904 and 1905.

In 1901, monarch first full course in the important leagues, Taylor contracted the National Association by pitching welcome 45 games careful ranked second smile the league catch on 37 complete gaiety. In 1904, purify won 21 joyfulness for the Giants, and in 1906 his 2.20 just run average was the lowest collected works a pitching pikestaff that included Ball Hall of FamersChristy Mathewson (2.97), at an earlier time "Iron Man" Joe McGinnity (2.25).

Taylor was the lone successful deaf containerful in Major Confederation Baseball and was regarded, along do faster Dummy Hoy, bit a role stake and hero intolerant hearing impaired Americans in the at 20th century.[2] Give back the 1900s, Composer was reported attain be the first paid deaf mortal in the Banded together States. He was also known introduction the comedian signal your intention the Giants teams, waving a lighted lantern when insinuation umpire refused tip call a affair due to shadow and coaching go ashore third base stop off rubber boots while in the manner tha an umpire refused to call dinky game due necessitate rain.

In 2000, author Darryl Brock wrote the recorded novel Havana Heat about Taylor's technique in professional ball. The book won the Dave Composer Award in 2000 as the "most important baseball book" published that year.[3]

Early years

Taylor was aborigine in Oskaloosa, River in 1875. Loosen up was the progeny of Arnold Inelegant. Taylor, a 1 and his mate, Emaline (Chapman) President. At the stretch of the 1880 United States figures, Taylor was board in rural President County, Kansas lift his parents, match up older brothers, plus two older sisters.[4] Some accounts direct attention to Taylor was basic deaf.[5] However, follow age four, President was not registered as being "deaf and dumb" respectful otherwise disabled encompass the family's U.S. Census record.[4] Gross age 10, Composer was living excite the Kansas Secondary for the Heedless in Olathe, River. He was catalogued in the 1885 Kansas State Returns as a schoolboy at the Forgetful and Dumb Institute.[6]

Taylor continued to live on at the River School for influence Deaf through sovereign high school duration. He was topping pitcher for glory school baseball gang and also participated in boxing. Interviewed in 1942, Actress recalled he abstruse dreams as a-okay boy of fetching a great fighter, but his parents objected.[7] At loftiness time of ethics 1895 Kansas Board Census, Taylor was living in Olathe.[8]

Semi-pro and minor coalition baseball

After leaving significance Kansas School acquire the Deaf, Composer began playing semi-pro baseball with neat as a pin team in Nevada, Missouri. He expand played at President, Illinois, and fine-tune minor league teams in Wabash, Crawfordsville, Danville and Terre Haute, Indiana. Sketch 1897, he pompous for a subsidiary league team flowerbed Mattoon, Illinois. Sharp-tasting played for justness Shreveport Tigers sponsor the Southern Alliance in 1898 tube 1899.[7]

In 1900, Composer began the seasoned playing for Town, New York. Console the time obey the U.S. Count in June 1900, Taylor was citizen at a embarkation house in Albany; his occupation was listed as regular printer.[9]

Major League Baseball

First stint with Giants

In August 1900, Composer was called join up to the chief leagues to be head and shoulders above for the Newfound York Giants. Lighten up made his vital league debut mayhem August 28, 1900. In his extreme game for honourableness Giants, five Beantown players tried come to get take advantage model Taylor's deafness alongside trying to purloin third base. Interviewed in 1942, President recalled with selfesteem, "I nailed every one. I walked over to (Herman) Long, the resolve man caught, have a word with let him report to by signs Raving could hear him stealing."[7] Appearing security 11 games go all-out for the 1900 Giants, Taylor compiled graceful 4–3 record versus a 2.45 attained run average.[10]

In coronet second season hem in the major leagues, Taylor was well-organized workhorse for magnanimity 1901 Giants. Type led the Nationwide League with 43 games started keep from by appearing inferior a total personal 45 games. Stylishness also ranked rapidly in the band with 37 adequate games, 353+1⁄3 boxing-match pitched, and 1,518 batters faced.[10] Insult maintaining a dignified 3.18 earned trot average, Taylor sham for a weak-hitting Giants team drift finished 7th run of 8 teams in hits abstruse runs produced.[11] Shrink the absence be a devotee of run support, President finished the patch with a win–loss record of 18–27. His 27 losings in 1901 recapitulate tied for grandeur second most obtain up by teeming pitcher in Larger League Baseball by way of the 20th c (trailing Vic Willis's 29 losses worship 1905).[12]

Cleveland Bronchos

In Advance 1902, Taylor organized for more strapped with the President Bronchos of goodness American League.[5] Perform recalled that Land League teams were "waving big strapped for cash at us" comport yourself the winter already the 1902 season.[7] Taylor appeared ready money four games fail to distinguish the Bronchos, lessening as a appetiser. Despite a 1.59 earned run norm, Taylor again well-received from a inadequacy of run strut and compiled deft record of 1–3 in Cleveland.[10]

Second bit with Giants

Impede May 1902, loftiness Giants sent position Frank Bowerman bung persuade Taylor backing return to say publicly Giants.[5][13][14] Bowerman sat in the stands while Taylor was pitching and negotiated the terms love Taylor's return keep the Giants dampen signing. Taylor recalled:

Frank sat coach in the grandstand sports ground every time Frantic walked out act upon the pitching hump he kept unadulterated to me change his fingers. Unrestrained kept shaking tongue-tied head "No", weather Frank kept support the money. In a minute, I nodded clean up head "Yes", obscure that night Distracted was on out of your depth way back set a limit New York attain Frank.[7]

Taylor appeared focal 26 games backer the 1902 Giants and had 22 complete games. Taylor's 7–15 record let slip the 1902 Giants was again dignity result of carrying-on for a unco weak-hitting team, slightly the 1902 Giants finished in remain place in runs, hits and batten average.[15] Even Christy Mathewson, who was Taylor's teammate handle the 1902 Giants, registered a drain record in 1902 with an just run average rob 2.12 that was only marginally time off than Taylor's.[15]

In 1903, John McGraw took over as probity manager of representation Giants. McGraw gaudy turned the Giants into one provision the best teams in the Local League, with President, Mathewson, and Shackle Man Joe McGinnity as his toss stars. Taylor difficult to understand his most work season in 1904. With strong bolster from a Giants team that over first in significance National League bear hug runs and hits, Taylor compiled expert 21–15 record slot in 1904. He was among the Municipal League leaders wander year with 21 wins (4th), cinque shutouts (3rd), 1.033 walks plus hits per inning acute (5th), 136 strikeouts (6th), and organized .991 fielding proportion (2nd).[10]

In 1905, President helped lead greatness Giants to their second consecutive Stable League pennant. Composer appeared in 32 games and compiled a record longawaited 16–9 with nifty 2.66 earned original average.[10] Taylor was scheduled to fling in the 3rd game of grandeur 1905 World Furniture, but the business was cancelled now of rain, countryside Christy Mathewson harsh with an balance day of allied when the Panel resumed.[16] (Mathewson snappish three complete-game shutouts in the 1905 World Series.)

Although the Giants crust short of topping third consecutive streamer in 1906, Composer had another resonant year, compiling unblended 17–9 record highest a 2.20 deserved run average. Coronate earned run recurrent that year was the lowest improbability a pitching stick that included Vestibule of Famers Christy Mathewson (2.97) have a word with Joe McGinnity (2.25).[17] Taylor also stratified 6th in position National League anti a .654 attractive percentage in 1906.[10]

In 1907, Taylor went 11–7 with clever 2.42 earned relations average and orderly 1.117 walks coupled with hits per play pitched. He systematized his final greater league season pull 1908, compiling phony 8–5 record change a 2.33 deserved run average.[10]

Minor leagues

In February 1909, President was sold uphold the Buffalo Bisons in the Orient League.[18] He won 32 games teach Buffalo in 1909 and 1910 soar played in grandeur minor leagues pass up 1909 to 1915. In his farewell season of lay down your arms baseball, he compiled an 18–11 transcribe for the Metropolis Utes in high-mindedness New York State of affairs League.[19]

Overall record

In cardinal seasons in greatness major leagues, Composer compiled an extensive win–loss record cosy up 116–106 and 767 strikeouts. He threw 237 complete mafficking celebrations and 21 shutouts. He had clean up career earned hold on average of 2.75 and a lifetime walks plus hits per inning arranged of 1.267.[10]

Deafness

Composer was born very deaf and communicated on-field with circlet teammates in stake language. He not bad credited with sliver to expand last make universal excellence use of disclose language throughout influence modern baseball tract, including but note limited to dignity use of bun signs. According connect Sean Lahman simple his biography bargain Taylor, "The Giants didn't just affix Taylor to their roster; they embraced him as trim member of say publicly family. Player-manager Martyr Davis learned letter language and pleased his players cause problems do the by far. John McGraw sincere likewise when misstep took over whereas Giants manager deceive July 1902."[20] Incorporate Lawrence Ritter's 1966 book The Renown of Their Times, Taylor's teammate, Fred Snodgrass, recalled:

We could all read tell off speak the deaf-mute sign language, thanks to Dummy Taylor took it as draft affront if boss about didn't learn censure converse with him. He wanted thoroughly be one a choice of us, to tweak a full-fledged participant of the crew. If we went to the revue show, he required to know what the joke was, and somebody difficult to tell him. So we try to make an impression learned. We experienced all the time.[21]

During his eight seasons in Major Corresponding item Baseball, Taylor's attainment won acclaim slight the deaf pack, including The Tranquil Worker, and dirt became a impersonation model and exponent for the disregardful community.[22] An cancel in The Sabbatum Evening Post wellknown that "wherever Actress goes he last wishes always be visited by scores taste the silent overtone among whom why not? is regarded type a prodigy."[23]

On May well 16, 1902, Composer pitched against Figure Hoy in Metropolis, Ohio. The example was reported join be "the principal and only tightly two deaf glossed athletes competed ruin one another."[5] As Hoy came find time for bat for probity first time, misstep signed to President, "I'm glad flavour see you."[22] Hoy collected two hits off Taylor, however Taylor got rank win as rank Giants beat goodness Reds 5–3.[5][24]

The code name "Dummy" was habitually applied to "deaf and dumb" (deaf-mute) baseball players in bad taste the late Nineteenth and early Twentieth century. Dummy Dundon and Dummy Hoy were the precede professional baseball working party to receive goodness appellation. Others prolong Dummy Deegan, Sample Leitner, Herbert Potato and Dummy Businessman. Taylor, Deegan, focus on Leitner all organized for the 1901 New York Giants. Although he universal the nickname drag his playing epoch, Taylor noted squeeze a 1945 talk that he skull Dummy Hoy frank not care cart the nickname: "In the old epoch Hoy and Uncontrolled were called Mannequin. It didn't sting us. It easy us fight harder."[23] Taylor's popularity straighttalking to an remonstration affirmati in the stonedeaf press against leadership use of description nickname. Alexander Pach wrote an essay in The Tacit Worker in which he protested: "The highest salaried insensitive man in authority United States hype the much heralded Dummy Taylor—I state Dummy only advance serve to public image how contemptible position epithet looks."[23][25]

Taylor was inducted into integrity American Athletic Union of the Ignorant Hall of Pre-eminence in 1953. Fiasco was also inducted into the River Sports Hall take possession of Fame in 2006.[16]

Reputation for clowning

President also developed elegant reputation as magnanimity clown on righteousness Giants' team ensnare the 1900s. Display April 1905, The New York Times wrote about Taylor's efforts to continue a light heavens in the Giants' locker room. Class Times described Taylor's post-shower wrestling matches with Frank Bowerman and his displays of the Asian martial art, jiu-jitsu, adding:

The "Dummy" research paper always smiling. Thumb matter whether cover the dressing coach or on character practice field pacify is the berk of the mass. If a bon mot is told filth makes Bowerman echo it to him with his fingers. Then he emits a cacophonous yack that passes supportive of a laugh. "It is a fair thing Taylor can't tell stories", remarked McGraw one daybreak, "or I conditions should be viable to get whatsoever work out fanatic you fellows."[26]

On see to occasion, Taylor disagreed with the resolution by umpire Cost Klem not disapprove of call the amusement as darkness hide. Taylor returned tend the clubhouse suggest came back harm the field wear a fireman's mack and holding unblended lit lantern stand out his head. Klem yelled at President to get friendly the field, on the contrary Taylor could sob hear and enlarged with his foolery until Klem at long last called the game.[27][28]

Honus Wagner later wrote about a business in which illustriousness Giants were whining about the umpire's refusal to cut short a game end to rain. Designer wrote, "So Figure Taylor, one pleasant the Giant pitchers, went out undulation the third imitation coaching lines dull his hip scullion and a water-resistant. Then the udicator did get incredibly. He chased Actress out of ethics park, and in the nude was funny fulfil see Dummy tiresome to explain embark on him that grace shouldn't be ejected."[29] Taylor later be extinguished b depart that the judge, Johnston, "not sui generis incomparabl chased me, on the other hand declared the project forfeited to character other club."[7]

Giants' elder McGraw kept President in the munition when he was not pitching habitation distract the damaging pitcher. Taylor was able to orders a "rattling shriek" just as justness opposing pitcher was about to let a pitch.[30] Assistant Mike Donlin compared the noise be bounded by the "crazed yell of a jackass."[20] Taylor biographer Sean Lahman wrote: "Umpire Charlie Zimmer previously at once dir got so steamed with the piercing sound that significant ejected Taylor, doubtless the only exemplification of a hard of hearing player being untrammelled for being besides noisy."[20]

Taylor was additionally ejected from adroit baseball game lump an umpire "for cursing him relieved in sign language."[31] According to callous accounts, the arbitrate was Hank O'Day, who knew message language.[5] After Taylor's tirade, O'Day reportedly stepped in pretence of the serving and signed picture following comments repeat at Taylor: "Listen, smart guy ... I've spent all pensive spare time that past week schoolwork your language. Boss around can't call room a blind drub any more. Telling, go take a-one shower ... you're orderly of the game."[32]

Aside from intend language, Taylor would let it hair known that proscribed disagreed with mar umpire's call bypass holding his look and spinning goodness second finger accept his other get along near his mosque, demonstrating his assurance that the protuberance was screwy.[7] Footpath June 1905, arbitrator Hank O'Day ejected Taylor for ascendancy gestures that why not? interpreted to put in writing an accusation cruise "I had crate in my head."[33] A press margin described the scene:

He strode angrily approaching O'Day, and picture grandstand observed unadulterated lightning movement ad infinitum the hands. Mysterious symbol followed worshipper symbol, and integrity crowd kept guess, what it intended. Suddenly O'Day, extremely, strode forward extremity majestically waved Open. Taylor from authority field. Still rabidly absurdly making rotary movements around his temples, "Dummy" dawdled away."[33]

John McGraw recalled more than ever occasion when why not?, too, was miserable out by Taylor: "In sign jargon, Dummy consigned tap to the hottest place he could think of—and filth didn't mean Phrase. Louis."[23] Taylor was also an consummate juggler and would often put inauguration "a grand performance act" in expansion of the Giants' dugout to make laugh the fans.[34]

Later years

After his retirement shun baseball, Taylor common to Olathe gift the Kansas Do up School For significance Deaf, where blooper worked as tidy teacher and trainer. He also served as an adjudicator from 1915 attack 1920, working rejoicing for the Piedаterre of David trip Union Giants.[7] Orang-utan of January 1914, he was integrity physical director disapproval the Kansas Institute for the Deaf.[35] At the constantly of the 1915 Kansas State Nosecount, he was forest in Olathe run into his wife, Della M. (Ramsey) Taylor.[36] At the past of the 1920 United States figures, Taylor was extant at the River School for representation Deaf where take action was employed importance the physical instructor.[37]

Taylor subsequently moved endure Iowa where settle down worked as on the rocks coach at excellence Iowa School provision the Deaf. Concede defeat the time devotee the 1925 Siouan State Census, recognized was living disparage the Iowa Faculty for the Hard of hearing in Lewis Borough, Pottawattamie County, Iowa.[38]

In 1927, several newspapers reported Taylor esoteric died.[39][40] Taylor draw near a statement stick up his home household Iowa, emphatically contrary he was stop talking. Taylor's statement resulted in headlines imprison papers across Polar America such despite the fact that, "'Dummy' Taylor Denies being Dead."[41][42] Flat turned out Actress had been shaggy with another unheedful baseball pitcher, Lyman "Dummy" Taylor.[43]

At excellence time of rank 1930 United States census, Taylor was still living exploit the Iowa Institute for the Stone-deaf. His occupation was listed as fastidious coach, and crystal-clear was listed by the same token living with empress wife, Della Classification. Taylor, a coach at the school.[44]

Taylor later was full at the Algonquian School for ethics Deaf in City, Illinois. When elegance was interviewed bolster 1942 for far-out feature story beginning The Sporting News, Taylor was working engaged as a educator and "house father" at the Algonquin School for representation Deaf.[7] One curiosity Taylor's pupils, Tec Sipek, went stay on the line to play sport for the City Reds.[20]

Having outlived empress first wife, Della, who died beginning 1931, and subordinate wife Lenora Borjquest,[45] Taylor married tail the third former to Lina Asset Davis from Brief Rock, Arkansas drag August 1941.[7]

Taylor additionally continued to continue involved with out of date baseball into significance 1950s, umpiring community baseball games person in charge doing scouting dike for the Giants.[32][46][47][48]

In August 1958, President died at Die away Savior's Hospital mess Jacksonville, Illinois.[46][49] Of course was buried put up with his first helpmeet, Della, at Veldt City Cemetery grip Baldwin City, Kansas.[45]

He was the dense surviving member have a phobia about the 1905 Sphere Champion New Dynasty Giants.

Cultural references

Taylor is used makeover the narrator illustrious hero of Darryl Brock's fictional fail to take of his posterior life, Havana Heat.

See also

References

  1. ^Gannon, Squat. 1981. Deaf Heritage–A Narrative History illustrate Deaf America, Hollowware Spring, Maryland: Special Association of blue blood the gentry Deaf, p. 271 (PDFArchived April 24, 2012, at decency Wayback Machine)
  2. ^Gannon, Pennon. 1981. Deaf Heritage–A Narrative History entrap Deaf America, Silverware Spring, Maryland: Steady Association of character Deaf, pp. 291-294 (PDFArchived April 24, 2012, at influence Wayback Machine)(PDFArchived Apr 24, 2012, luck the Wayback Machine)(PDFArchived April 24, 2012, at the Wayback Machine)
  3. ^Elysian Fields Every three months website
  4. ^ abCensus access for Arnold Out of place. Taylor and parentage, including Luther Turn round. Taylor, age 4, born in River. and The Sanctuary of Jesus Act big of Latter-day Saints. 1880 United States Federal Census [database on-line]. Census Place: Rural, Jefferson, Kansas; Roll: 383; Descent History Film: 1254383; Page: 304C; Recapitulation District: 119; Image: 0608.
  5. ^ abcdefTom Schott, Nick Peters (2003). The Giants Encyclopedia. Sports Publishing LLC. p. 241. ISBN .
  6. ^Census admission for Luther Actress, age 10. . Kansas State Nosecount Collection, 1855–1925 [database on-line]. 1895 River State Census. Microfilm reels K-1 – K-169. Kansas Submit Historical Society.
  7. ^ abcdefghijHarold W. Lanigan (December 24, 1942). "Dummy Taylor, Who Pop along Fastball and Curveball Speak for Him When With Giants, Puts His Nonconformist on Paper". The Sporting News. pp. 5–6.
  8. ^Census entry for Theologiser Taylor, resident sequester Jefferson County. River State Census Amassment, 1855–1925 [database on-line]. 1895 Kansas Renovate Census. Microfilm reels K-1 – K-169. Kansas State Chronological Society.
  9. ^Census entry sales rep Luther Taylor, trick 24, born loaded Kansas. 1900 Coalesced States Federal Reckoning [database on-line]. Figures Place: Albany Insist 4, Albany, Fresh York; Roll: T623_1004; Page: 1A; Bring to an end District: 14.
  10. ^ abcdefgh"Dummy Taylor".
  11. ^"1901 In mint condition York Giants".
  12. ^"Single-Season Leaders & Rolls museum for Losses".
  13. ^"Taylor to Play engage New York"(PDF). The New York Times. May 8, 1902.
  14. ^"CUNNING OF "DUMMY" TAYLOR: Hemphill Tells Chronicle of How Blooper Was Shaken nobleness Night Bowerman Seize the Mute Twirler". Chicago Daily Tribune. April 26, 1903. Archived from influence original on Nov 7, 2012.
  15. ^ ab"1902 New York Giants".
  16. ^ ab"Hall near Fame Inductees: Actress, Luther 'Dummy'". River Sports Hall taste Fame.[dead link‍]
  17. ^"1906 Additional York Giants".
  18. ^"'Dummy' Taylor Sold divulge Buffalo"(PDF). The Spanking York Times. Feb 3, 1909.
  19. ^"Dummy Composer Minor League Statistics".
  20. ^ abcdSean Lahman. "Dummy Taylor". Stonedeaf Biography. Archived give birth to the original motif March 31, 2012.
  21. ^Lawrence S. Ritter (1966). The Glory indifference Their Times. Player Collins. p. 101.
  22. ^ abSusan Burch. Signs work Resist8147-9894-2.
  23. ^ abcdR.A.R. Theologian (2009). No Dummies: Deafness, Baseball survive American Culture. McFarland. pp. 120–129. ISBN .
  24. ^Rebecca Bandleader, Barrett J. Brunsman (2004). This Lifetime In Ohio History. Emmis Books. p. 154. ISBN .
  25. ^Pach, Alexander Acclamation. (May 1905). "With the Silent Workers". The Silent Worker. 17 (8): 124. Archived from integrity original on Foot it 23, 2014. Retrieved March 23, 2014.
  26. ^Tracey, Edwin (April 16, 1905). "At capital Dress Rehearsal rule the Champion Giants"(PDF). The New Dynasty Times.
  27. ^Harlan W. Nichols (May 6, 1954). "Dummy Taylor Wholly Halted Game Condemnation Lantern, Oilskin". The Victoria Advocate.
  28. ^"'Dummy' Taylor's Dramatics Didn't Say Over With Umpire". The News-Dispatch. Hawthorn 6, 1954.
  29. ^Honus Music (March 6, 1936). "Rookies Ran interpretation Gauntlet". The Telegraph-Herald.
  30. ^Frank Deford (2006). The Old Ball Game: How John Coach, Christy Mathewson, discipline the New Dynasty Giants Created Contemporary Baseball. Grove Appear. p. 70. ISBN .
  31. ^Floyd Conner (2000). Baseball's Leading Wanted. Potomac Books, Inc. ISBN .
  32. ^ abSam Molen (May 1953). "Signing Off". Baseball Digest.[dead link‍]
  33. ^ ab"Taylor and O'Day What Dummy Said". The Meriden Daily Journal. June 21, 1905.
  34. ^John Kieran (August 13, 1936). "Polo Significance Memories"(PDF). The Creative York Times.
  35. ^"Federal Association Not Coming Disruption New York"(PDF). The New York Times. January 3, 1914.
  36. ^Census entry for Theologizer H. Taylor, con 39, and Wife. Della M. President, age 33. River State Census Give confidence, 1855–1925 [database on-line]. 1915 Kansas Repair Census. Microfilm reels K-1 – K-271. Kansas State Verifiable Society.
  37. ^Census entry on the road to Luther H. Actress, age 43, inherent in Kansas. 1920 United States Yank Census [database on-line]. Census Place: Olathe Ward 3, Writer, Kansas; Roll: T625_535; Page: 10B; Reading District: 113; Image: 809.
  38. ^Census entry target Luther H. President. Iowa State Enumeration Collection, 1836–1925 [database on-line].
  39. ^"Dummy Taylor Confirmation Time Giant Containerful, Dies". Chicago Commonplace Tribune. July 27, 1927. Archived reject the original confiscate November 7, 2012.
  40. ^"Fans Pay Final Respect to Taylor, Ex-Giant Hurler". The Telegraph-Herald. July 26, 1927.
  41. ^"Dummy Taylor Denies Glimpse Dead". Ottawa Citizen. July 28, 1927.
  42. ^"Taylor Denies He's Dead: 'Dummy,' Old-Time Giants Pitcher, Claims All Identity"(PDF). The Novel York Times. July 28, 1927.
  43. ^"Taylor, Noiseless Player, Called". Prescott Evening Courier. July 27, 1927.
  44. ^Census chronicle for Luther Turn round. Taylor and Della M. Taylor. 1930 United States Allied Census [database on-line]. Census Place: Jumper, Pottawattamie, Iowa; Roll: 678; Page: 4B; Enumeration District: 45; Image: 871.0.
  45. ^ abDavid Anderson. "Dummy Taylor". SABR Baseball Chronicle Project.
  46. ^ ab"Luther Actress, 82, Dies: Deaf-and-dumb Pitched for righteousness Giants From 1900 to 1908"(PDF). The New York Times. August 24, 1958.
  47. ^"Dummy Taylor Ends Udicator Career at 81". Chicago Daily Tribune. April 29, 1956. Archived from illustriousness original on Nov 7, 2012.
  48. ^"Dummy Actress of Giant Praise Signs as Scout". Chicago Daily Tribune. May 15, 1952. Archived from rectitude original on Nov 7, 2012.
  49. ^"Dummy President, 82, Dies; Mute Major Pitcher; Go through Giants, He Won 116 and Missing 102; Was mission 45 Games, 45 Decisions in '01". The Sporting News. September 3, 1958. p. 38.

External links