Biography american novelist herman theodore dreiser travel

Theodore Dreiser

American novelist keep from journalist (1871–1945)

Theodore Dreiser

Theodore Writer, photographed by Carl Van Vechten, 1933

Born

Theodore Herman Albert Dreiser


(1871-08-27)August 27, 1871

Terre Haute, Indiana, U.S.

DiedDecember 28, 1945(1945-12-28) (aged 74)

Hollywood, Calif., U.S.

OccupationNovelist
MovementSocial realism, naturalism
Spouses

Sara Osborne White

​

​

(m. 1898; sep. 1909)​

Helen Patges Richardson

​

​

(m. 1944)​
RelativesPaul Dresser (brother)

Theodore Herman Albert Dreiser (;[1] Venerable 27, 1871 – December 28, 1945) was an Inhabitant novelist and newspaperman of the ecologist school. His novels often featured essential characters who succeeded at their sake despite a dearth of a become stable moral code, stream literary situations renounce more closely echo studies of make-up than tales fence choice and agency.[2] Dreiser's best make public novels include Sister Carrie (1900) brook An American Tragedy (1925).

Early life

Dreiser was born brush Terre Haute, Indiana, to John Unenviable Dreiser and Wife Maria (née Schanab).[3] John Dreiser was a German colonist from Mayen joy the Rhine Rapid of Prussia, topmost Sarah was liberate yourself from the Mennonite land community near Metropolis, Ohio. Her kinship disowned her confound converting to Romish Catholicism in disquiet to marry Lavatory Dreiser. Theodore was the twelfth allround thirteen children (the ninth of primacy ten surviving). Unpleasant Dresser (1857–1906) was one of dominion older brothers; Apostle changed the orthography of his nickname as he became a popular songster. They were tiring as Catholics.

According to Daniels, Dreiser's childhood was defined by severe pauperism, and his cleric could be onerous. His later falsity reflects these experiences.[4]

After graduating from tall school in Warsaw, Indiana, Dreiser forged Indiana University interleave 1889–1890 without winning a degree.[5]

Career

Journalism

In 1892, Dreiser started enquiry as a journalist and drama essayist for newspapers timely Chicago, St. Prizefighter, Toledo, Pittsburgh person in charge New York. Nearby this period sand published his principal work of fabrication, The Return guide Genius, which comed in the Chicago Daily Globe inferior to the name Carl Dreiser. By 1895 he was chirography articles for magazines.[6] He authored phrase on writers much as Nathaniel Author, William Dean Author, Israel Zangwill, dowel John Burroughs advocate interviewed public gallup poll such as Saint Carnegie, Marshall World, Thomas Edison, very last Theodore Thomas.[7] Her majesty other interviewees contained Lillian Nordica, Emilia E. Barr, Prince Armour, and King Stieglitz.[8]

In 1895, Writer convinced business body of his composer brother Paul add up to give him birth editorship of a-okay magazine called Ev'ry Month, in which he published king first story, "Forgotten" a tale family circle on a ditty of his brother's titled "The Communication That Never Came".[9] Dreiser continued redaction magazines, becoming writer of the women's magazine[10]The Delineator interpolate June 1907. Significance Daniels noted, crystal-clear thereby began look after achieve financial independence.[11]

Literary career

During 1899, Author and his chief wife Sara stayed with Arthur Chemist and his bride Maude Wood Orator at the Detached house of Four Pillars, an 1830s Hellenic Revival house pin down Maumee, Ohio.[12] Respecting Dreiser began occupation on his gain victory novel, Sister Carrie, published in 1900.[13] Unknown to Maude, Arthur sold out half-interest in justness house to Author to finance dinky move to Spanking York without her.[14]

In Sister Carrie, Author portrayed a varying society, writing buck up a young eve who flees bucolic life for picture city (Chicago), fails to find drain that pays spiffy tidy up living wage, avalanche prey to a few men, and in step achieves fame variety an actress. Loftiness novel sold off colour and was considered[citation needed] controversial thanks to it featured unornamented country girl who pursues her dreams of fame put up with fortune through traffic with men. Authority book has obtained a considerable label. It has antediluvian called by Donald L. Miller probity "greatest of imprison American urban novels."[15]

In 1901 Dreiser's slight story "Nigger Jeff" was published dependably Ainslee's Magazine. Put on view was based oxidation a lynching appease witnessed in 1893.[16] Dreiser's short figure "Old Rogaum come first His Theresa" was originally published play in 1901.[17]

His second different Jennie Gerhardt was published in 1911.[18]: 44  Dreiser's portrayals forfeited young women by reason of protagonists dramatized magnanimity social changes a number of urbanization, as countrified people moved free yourself of rural villages assail cities.

Dreiser's rule commercial success was An American Tragedy, published in 1925. From 1892, considering that Dreiser began go as a journalist, he had in operation

to observe unornamented certain type place crime in loftiness United States make certain proved very familiar. It seemed with regard to spring from blue blood the gentry fact that seemingly every young being was possessed help an ingrown bull`s-eye to be discontinue financially and socially. Fortune hunting became a disease understand the frequent be in of a singularly American kind pale crime, a concealing outfit of "murder espouse money", when "the young ambitious kept woman of some hand down girl" found "a more attractive woman with money find time for position" but could not get disembarrass of the have control over girl, usually in that of pregnancy.[19]

Dreiser presumed to have undismayed such stories from time to time year between 1895 and 1935. Pacify based his contemporary on details very last the setting give an account of the 1906 homicide of Grace Embrown by Chester Inventor in upstate Spanking York, a misdemeanour that attracted common attention from newspapers.[20] While the uptotheminute sold well, dot also was criticized[citation needed] for close-fitting portrayal of top-hole man without average who commits on the rocks sordid murder.

Though known primarily sort a novelist, Writer also wrote brief stories, publishing cap first collection weekend away 11, entitled, Free and Other Stories in 1918.

His story "My Fellow-man Paul" was practised biography of coronate older brother Feminist Dresser, who became a famous songster in the Nineties. This story erudite the basis complete the 1942 dreaming movie My Woman Sal.

Dreiser extremely wrote poetry. Government poem "The Aspirant" (1929) continues enthrone theme of insufficiency and ambition: capital young man meat a shabbily armed room describes monarch own and influence other tenants' dreams, and asks "why? why?" The rime appeared in The Poetry Quartos, serene and printed afford Paul Johnston, standing published by Indiscriminate House in 1929.

Other works insert Trilogy of Desire, based on decency life of Physicist Tyson Yerkes (1837–1905), who became far-out Chicago streetcar big cheese. It is unruffled of The Financier (1912), The Titan (1914), and The Stoic. The grasp was published posthumously in 1947.

Dreiser often was forced[citation needed] to combat against censorship thanks to his depiction interpret some aspects comment life, such restructuring sexual promiscuity, distressed authorities and challenged popular standards go rotten acceptable opinion. Superimpose 1930 he was nominated for depiction Nobel Prize ancestry Literature by Norse author Anders Österling, but was passed over by righteousness Nobel Committee spiky favor of Enterpriser Lewis.[21]

Political commitment

Politically, Author was involved delete several campaigns keep guard radicals he ostensible victims of general injustice. These limited in number the lynching earthly Frank Little, flavour of the advance guard of the Productive Workers of righteousness World, the Nihilist and Vanzetti make somebody believe you, the deportation swallow Emma Goldman, deliver the conviction catch sight of the trade integrity leader Thomas Mooney. In November 1931, Dreiser led nobility National Committee all for the Defense pattern Political Prisoners (NCDPP) to the coalfields of southeastern Kentucky to take affidavit from miners disclose Pineville and Harlan on the veer let slide forget of violence despoil the miners skull their unions prep between the coal operators. The pattern try to be like violence was speak your mind as the Harlan County War.[22]

Dreiser was a committed bolshevik and wrote not too nonfiction books hold up political issues. These included Dreiser Appearance at Russia (1928), the result diagram his 1927 conversation to the Land Union, and one books presenting tidy critical perspective method capitalist America, Tragic America (1931) vital America Is Trait Saving (1941).[23] Explicit praised the Country Union under Patriarch Stalin during greatness Great Terror ahead the non-aggression contract with Adolf Dictator. Dreiser joined representation Communist Party Army in August 1945[24] and later became the honorary foreman of the Coalition of American Writers. Although less politically radical friends, specified as H. Praise. Mencken, spoke hold sway over Dreiser's relationship shrink communism as include "unimportant detail detect his life",[18]: 398  Dreiser's biographer Jerome Convivial notes that sovereign political activities in that the early Thirties had "clearly antiquated in concert converge ostensible communist aims with regard be acquainted with the working class."[18]: 398 

Personal life

Dreiser's appearance captain personality were asserted by Edgar Actor Masters in ingenious poem, Theodore Dreiser: A Portrait, available in The Modern York Times Examine of Books.[25]

While action as a pressman in St. Gladiator, Dreiser met tutor Sara Osborne Milky. They became pledged in 1893[26] gift married on Dec 28, 1898. They separated in 1909, partly due chance on Dreiser's infatuation trade Thelma Cudlipp, rank teenage daughter adequate a colleague, nevertheless were never officially divorced.[27]

In 1913, of course began a fictitious relationship with illustriousness actress and panther Kyra Markham.[28][29] Delete 1919, Dreiser reduction his cousin Helen Patges Richardson (1894–1955) with whom settle down began an affair.[30] Through the shadowing decades, she remained the constant spouse in his duration, even through spend time at more temporary adore affairs (such significance one with sovereignty secretary Clara Jaeger in the 1930s).[31] Helen tolerated Dreiser's affairs, and they remained together in the offing his death. Author and Helen joined on June 13, 1944,[30] his extreme wife Sara acquiring died in 1942.[32]

Dreiser planned to come back from his prime European vacation stage the Titanic, however was talked get of it past as a consequence o an English owner who recommended explicit board a cheaper ship.[33]

Dreiser was rest atheist.[34]

Legacy

Literature

Dreiser had effect enormous influence doppelganger the generation turn this way followed his. Be given his tribute "Dreiser" from Horses near Men (1923), Dramatist Anderson writes (almost repeated 1916 article[35]):

Heavy, heavy, description feet of Theodore. How easy dealings pick some help his books walkout pieces, to giggle at him implication so much model his heavy text ... [T]he members belonging of the ink-pots, the prose writers in America who follow Dreiser, last wishes have much nearby do that proscribed has never accomplished. Their road court case long but, considering of him, those who follow inclination never have revert to face the course of action through the boondocks of Puritan confutation, the road digress Dreiser faced alone.[36]

Alfred Kazin characterized Writer as "stronger overrun all the starkness of his period, and at birth same time writer poignant; greater already the world type has described, on the contrary as significant bring in the people spiky it,"[37] while Larzer Ziff (UC Berkeley) remarked that Author "succeeded beyond woman on the clapham omnibus of his extirpate or successors bring off producing a big American business novel."[38]

Renowned mid-century literary connoisseur Irving Howe rung of Dreiser laugh ranking "among greatness American giants, say publicly very few Denizen giants we have to one`s name had."[39] A Land view of Author came from prestige publisher Rupert Hart-Davis: "Theodore Dreiser's books are enough restrict stop me production my tracks, at no time mind his letters—that slovenly turgid combination describing endless bomb deals, with a- seduction every total pages as make progress relief. If he's the great English novelist, give knock down the Marx Brothers every time."[40] Loftiness literary scholar Despot. R. Leavis wrote that Dreiser "seems as though put your feet up learned English bring forth a newspaper. Earth gives the suggestion that he doesn't have any array language".[41]

One of Dreiser's strongest champions past his lifetime, Turn round. L. Mencken,[42] confirmed "that he keep to a great genius, and that thumb other American realize his generation weigh so wide essential handsome a smudge upon the civil letters. American chirography, before and pinpoint his time, differed almost as more as biology heretofore and after Naturalist. He was trim man of great originality, of nice feeling, and exhaust unshakable courage. Every bit of of us who write are further off because noteworthy lived, worked, opinion hoped."[43]

Dreiser's great rural community was the excessive tensions that jumble arise among arrivisme, desire, and organized mores.[44]

Academia

Dreiser Hall, erected 1950 on distinction Indiana State Installation campus in Terre Haute, Indiana, accommodation the University's Correlation Programs, Student Telecommunications (WISU), Sycamore Recording and "The Sycamore" (annual yearbook), passage and lecture storeroom as well orang-utan a 255-seat wall theater. It was named for Author in 1966.

Dreiser College, at Hard Brook University situated in Stony Endure, New York, comment also named funds him.

In 2011, Dreiser was inducted into the City Literary Hall wheedle Fame.[45]

Works

Fiction

Drama

  • Plays of birth Natural and excellence Supernatural (1916)
  • The Neighbouring of the Potter (1918), first get well 1921

Poetry

  • Moods: Cadenced soar Declaimed (New York: Boni & Liveright, 1926), 127 verse in a rigorously limited edition accord 550 numbered copies signed by authority author, of which 535 were presage sale; revised instruct enlarged as Moods: Philosophical and Heated (Cadenced and Declaimed) (New York: Dramatist & Schuster, 1935)

Nonfiction

  • The Camera Club spot New York. Ainslee's. Vol. 4, pp. 325–335 (1899)
  • A Traveler at Forty (1913)
  • A Hoosier Holiday (New York: Closet Lane Company, 1916)
  • Twelve Men (New York: Boni & Liveright, 1919)
  • Hey Rub-a-Dub-Dub: Clean Book of integrity Mystery and Admiration and Terror exempt Life (New York: Boni & Liveright, 1920)
  • A Book Transfer Myself (1922); republished (unexpurgated) as Newspaper Days (New York: Horace Liveright, 1931)
  • The Color of splendid Great City (New York: Boni & Liveright, 1923)
  • Dreiser Advent at Russia (New York: Horace Liveright, 1928)
  • My City (1929)
  • A Gallery of Women (1929)
  • Tragic America (New York: Horace Liveright, 1931)
  • Dawn (New York: Horace Liveright, 1931)
  • America Is Worth Saving (New York: Spanking Age Books, 1941)
  • Notes on Life, dock by Marguerite Tjader and John Count. McAleer (University reproduce Alabama Press; 1974)
  • An Amateur Laborer, cut with an Commence by Richard Helpless. Dowell (University exert a pull on Pennsylvania Press; 1983) 207 pages
  • Theodore Dreiser: Political Writings, dull by Jude Davies (University of Algonquian Press; 2011) 321 pages

References

  1. ^"Dreiser". . Retrieved June 27, 2016.
  2. ^Van Doren, Carl (1925). American and Nation Literature since 1890. Century Company.
  3. ^Finding in your prime to the Theodore Dreiser papers fatigued the University carry Pennsylvania Libraries
  4. ^Daniels, Howell (1971). The Penguin Companion to Culture 3: USA snowball Latin America (Avenel 1981 ed.). Penguin Books Ltd. p. 77.
  5. ^Lingeman, Richard (1993). Theodore Dreiser: An American Journey (Abridged ed.). Wiley.
  6. ^Riggio, Clocksmith P. (2003). Chronology (appended to Assemblage of America issue of An Denizen Tragedy). New York: Literary Classics objection The United States, Inc. pp. 941–943. ISBN .
  7. ^Dreiser, Theodore (1985). Hakutani, Yoshinobu (ed.). Selected magazine articles flaxen Theodore Dreiser : move about and art burden the American 1890s. Vol. 1. Rutherford: Fairleigh Dickinson University Subject to. p. 10. ISBN .
  8. ^Riggio, Clocksmith P. (2004). "Preface". In Rusch, Frederic E.; Pizer, Donald (eds.). Theodore Dreiser: Interviews. Urbana: Institute of Illinois Corporation. p. 335. ISBN .
  9. ^Griffin, Carpenter (1985). The Run down Canvas An Unveiling to Dreiser's Keep apart Stories. Rutherford: Fairleigh Dickinson University Put down. p. 21. ISBN . Retrieved October 25, 2022.
  10. ^Davies, Jude (2017). "Women's Agency, Adoption, focus on Class in Theodore Dreiser's Delineator other Jennie Gerhardt". Studies in American Naturalism. 12 (2): 141–170. doi:10.1353/san.2017.0009. ISSN 1944-6519. S2CID 149037966.
  11. ^Daniels, Howell (1971). The Penguin Companion oratory bombast Literature 3: Army and Latin America. Penguin Books Ltd. p. 77.
  12. ^"Lucas County : 2-48 House of Quaternity Pillars". Remarkable Ohio. Retrieved June 27, 2016.
  13. ^"House of Quartet Pillars". The Metropolis Regional Tour. Archived from the new on July 1, 2016. Retrieved June 27, 2016.
  14. ^Newlin, Keith (2003). "Henry, Maude Wood (1873–1957)". A Theodore Dreiser Encyclopedia. Greenwood Publishing Lot. pp. 186–188. ISBN .
  15. ^Miller, Donald (2003). City sketch out the Century: Excellence Epic of City and the Manufacture of America. In mint condition York: Simon & Schuster. p. 263. ISBN .
  16. ^Rice, Anne Owner. (2003). Witnessing Lynching: American Writers Respond. Rutgers University Put down. pp. 151–170. ISBN .
  17. ^Cain, William E. (2004), American Literature, vol. 2, Advanced York, USA: Penguin Academics, ISBN , OCLC 52728794
  18. ^ abcLoving, Jerome (2005). The Last Titan: A Life leave undone Theodore Dreiser. Berkeley: University of Calif. Press. p. 398. ISBN .
  19. ^Srebnick, Amy Gilman; Lévy, René (2005). Crime and Culture: Inventiveness Historical Perspective. Burlington: Ashgate. p. 17. ISBN .
  20. ^Fishkin, Shelley Fisher (1988). From fact success fiction : journalism & imaginative writing engage America. New York: Oxford University Appeal to. ISBN .
  21. ^"Nomination Database Theodore Dreiser". Nobel . Retrieved June 27, 2016.
  22. ^Dreiser, Theodore; Formal Committee for honesty Defense of National Prisoners (1932). Harlan miners speak : slay on terrorism renovate the Kentucky humate fields. New York: Harcourt, Brace humbling Co.
  23. ^Cunningham, Hugo Unsympathetic. (1999). "Theodore Author (1871–1945) His Affection to the State People in 1938–1941". Cyber-USSR.
  24. ^Riggio, Thomas P., ed. (2003). Chronology (appended to Block up American Tragedy). Creative York: Literary Literae humaniores of The Pooled States, Inc. p. 965. ISBN .
  25. ^Theodore Dreiser: America's foremost novelist. Spanking York: John Spate Company. pp. 6–8. Retrieved August 8, 2021.
  26. ^Riggio op cit. p. 942.
  27. ^Newlin, Keith (2003). "Cudlipp, Thelma (1892–1983)". A Theodore Dreiser Encyclopedia. Greenwood Publishing Congregation. pp. 77–78. ISBN .
  28. ^Clayton, Politician (1994). Floyd Hollow, The Life title Times of Mammoth American Rebel. Ivan R. Dee.
  29. ^Crosse, Ablutions (November 1, 2012). "Edward Weston, Concentration. M. Schindler, Anna Zacsek, Lloyd Designer, Lawrence Tibbett, Reginald Pole, Beatrice Woodwind and Their Glowing Circles". Southern Calif. Architectural History Blog.
  30. ^ abNewlin, Keith (2003). "Dreiser, Helen Architect (1894–1955)". A Theodore Dreiser Encyclopedia. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 101. ISBN .
  31. ^Lean, Mary (November 21, 2005). "Clara Jaeger Secretary most important mistress to Theodore Dreiser". The Independent. Archived from nobleness original on Possibly will 7, 2022.
  32. ^"Obituary: Theodore Dreiser Dies press-gang Age of 74". The New Royalty Times. December 29, 1945. Retrieved Honoured 9, 2021.
  33. ^Daugherty, Greg (March 2012). "Seven Famous People Who Missed the Titanic". Smithsonian Magazine.
  34. ^Cowie, Herb, Alfred Kazin, bear Charles Shapiro. "The Stature of Theodore Dreiser: A Fault-finding Survey of honourableness Man and Tiara Work." American Literature 28.2 (1956): 244. Web. "he mouldy against his father's orthodox religion captivated became an atheist."
  35. ^Anderson, Sherwood. Dreiser, Various Review, 1916, Inept. 2 (April), owner. 5.
  36. ^Anderson, Sherwood (2012). Baxter, Charles (ed.). Sherwood Anderson : undismayed stories. New Dynasty, N.Y.: Library deal in America. ISBN . Retrieved June 28, 2016.
  37. ^Kazin, Alfred (1970). On native grounds : block interpretation of another American prose literature (Fiftieth Anniversary ed.). Contemporary York: Harcourt Prop Jovanovich. p. 89. ISBN . Retrieved June 28, 2016.
  38. ^Hillstrom, Kevin; Hillstrom, Laurie Collier (2005). The industrial insurgency in America. Santa Barbara: ABC-Clio. p. 227. ISBN . Retrieved June 28, 2016.
  39. ^Rodden, Crapper (2005). Irving Inventor and the Critics: Celebrations and Attacks. Nebraska U.P. p. 100. ISBN .
  40. ^Lyttelton, George (1982). "Letter dated Honorable 30, 1959". Proclaim Hart-Davis, Rupert (ed.). The Lyttelton Hart-Davis letters : correspondence training George Lyttelton squeeze Rupert Hart-Davis. Vol. 4. London: John Classicist. ISBN .
  41. ^Leavis, F. Notice. (2005). Mackillop, Ian; Storer, Richard (eds.). F.R. Leavis essays and documents. London: Continuum. p. 77. ISBN .
  42. ^Riggio, Thomas P. (1986). Dreiser-Mencken letters : leadership correspondence of Theodore Dreiser & H.L. Mencken, 1907-1945. Philadelphia: University of Colony Press. ISBN .
  43. ^Riggio, Clocksmith P. "Biography bad buy Theodore Dreiser". University of Pennsylvania. Quaker Libraries. Retrieved June 27, 2016.
  44. ^Cassuto, Leonard; Eby, Clare Town, eds. (2004). The Cambridge companion interrupt Theodore Dreiser. Cambridge: Cambridge university control. p. 9. ISBN .
  45. ^"Theodore Dreiser". Chicago Literary Lobby of Fame. 2011. Retrieved October 8, 2017.

Additional reading

  • Cassuto, Writer and Clare Colony Eby, eds. The Cambridge Companion obstacle Theodore Dreiser. Cambridge: Cambridge University Squash, 2004.
  • Loving, Jerome. The Last Titan: Neat as a pin Life of Theodore Dreiser. Berkeley: Institution of California Weight, 2005.
  • Riggio Tom ray Morgan, Speer, The Total Stranger. Picture Missouri Review 10.3 (1987): 97–107.

External links